spine procedures
Cervical
Low Back
Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A surgical procedure to correct an unstable spine that uses an anterior approach to remove a disc rupture and utilize a bone graft or implant to fuse one vertebra to another. If the entire disc is removed, a wedge of bone may be taken from the hip and placed into the empty disc space. A plate and screws may be used to hold the wedge in place.
Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (ALIF): A surgical procedure where the surgeon gains access to the spine through the abdomen to stabilize the spine or correct a deformity. A disc is removed and an implant or bone graft is placed between vertebrae to fuse them and create a more stable spine. Spinal instrumentation such as screws and rods are used to hold the spine in the corrected position. This procedure may be effective in treatment of spinal instability including spondylolisthesis, degenerative disc disease or spinal nerve compression.
Artificial Disc - Cervical: A titanium disc made to replace a degenerative disc in the neck. The artificial disc is inserted into the damaged disc space to restore the height of the disc space, to improve upon the cervical spine's flexibility and mobility, and to decrease pain.
Artificial Disc - Lumbar: A titanium disc made to replace a degenerative disc in the low back. The artificial disc is inserted into the damaged disc space to restore the height of the disc space, to improve upon the lumbar spine's flexibility and mobility, and to decrease pain.
Cervical Foraminotomy: A procedure utilized to take pressure off the affected nerve by widening the lateral opening through which the cervical spinal nerve passes.
Cervical Fusion - Lateral: Fusion occurs across the lateral masses (facet joints) using the bone graft and screws, plates, or rods.
Cervical Fusion - Posterior: A bone graft is utilized to promote the growth of two bones into one, eliminating motion. Involves an incision along the back of the neck and placement of screws, rods and bone graft. Frequently performed for a neck fracture, tumor, or cancer with bone destruction or to relieve pressure on the spinal cord.
CORPECTOMY
Cervical Corpectomy: The removal of a piece of the cervical vertebra and disc to take pressure off the spinal cord and nerves. A bone graft and possibly a metal plate and screws are used to rebuild and stabilize the spine.
Thoracic Corpectomy: An operation to remove a portion of the vertebrae and adjacent intervertebral discs for decompression of the cervical spinal cord and spinal nerves. A bone graft with or without a metal plate and screws is used to reconstruct the spine and provide stability. This procedure is indicated for removal of primary or metastatic tumors or treatment of traumatic injury to the vertebrae and can be performed using an anterior (front) or posterior (back) approach to the spine.
Thoracolumbar Corpectomy: The removal of a portion of the vertebrae and adjacent intervertebral discs for decompression of the cervical spinal cord and spinal nerves. A bone graft with or without a metal plate and screws is used to reconstruct the spine and provide stability. This procedure is indicated for removal of primary or metastatic tumors or treatment of traumatic injury to the vertebrae.
Kyphoplasty: A minimally invasive surgical procedure to treat vertebral fractures. The procedure goals are to decrease pain, stabilize the spine, and restore height to vertebral body.
Laminectomy: A surgical procedure to treat leg pain related to disc herniation or spinal stenosis. Muscles of the back overlying the spine are stripped away, then a small piece of bone and ligament are removed allowing access to the affected nerve.
Laminoplasty: An incision is made in the posterior vertebrae, then small pieces of bone are removed to create more room for the spinal cord and nerves.
Lumbar Foraminotomy: A procedure utilized to take pressure off an affected nerve by widening the lateral opening through which the lumbar spinal nerve passes.
Lumbar Fusion - Lateral: Fusion occurs across the lateral masses (facet joints) using bone graft and instrumentation
Lumbar Fusion - Posterior: Provides stabilization of the spine by using a bone graft and instrumentation.
Microscopic Discectomy: A surgical procedure to treat pain related to disc herniation. A microscope is used so the incision is much smaller than with a laminectomy.The back muscles overlying the spine are stripped away, then a small piece of bone is removed allowing access to the affected nerve. The nerve is moved and the ruptured disc is removed.
Minimally Invasive Discectomy: A surgical procedure to treat pain related to disc herniation. A microscope is used so the incision is small. A small tube is placed through the muscles of the back overlying the spine, then the opening is gently enlarged. A small piece of bone is removed allowing access to the affected nerve. The nerve is moved and the ruptured disc is removed.
Posterior Cervical Discectomy: A posterior surgical approach (from the back of the neck) to remove a disc herniation. Advantage is that a spinal fusion does not need to be done after disc removal. Disadvantage is that the disc space cannot be lifted with a bone graft to give the nerve root more room as it exits the spine. This approach leaves most of the disc intact so there is a small chance (3-5%) of re-herniation.
Posterior Lateral Fusion: A surgical procedure to treat instability of the spine by placing instrumentation in the posteral lateral spine.
Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF): A surgical procedure where the surgeon approaches the spine through the back to stabilize the spine or correct a deformity. A disc is removed and an implant or bone graft is placed between vertebrae to fuse them in order to create a more stable spine. Spinal instrumentation such as screws and rods are used to hold the spine in the corrected position. This procedure may be effective in treatment of spinal instability including spondylolisthesis, degenerative disc disease or spinal nerve compression.
Thoracic Discectomy: Surgical removal of a thoracic disc or portion of a disc utilizing an anterior (front) or posterior (back) approach to the spine.
Thoracic Fusion - Posterior: A surgical procedure providing stabilization of the spine by placing graft and instrumentation (rods, screws, plates) into the posterior thoracic spine.
Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF): A surgical procedure to stabilize the spine or correct a deformity. An implant or bone graft is placed into the disc(s) from the side in order to stabilize the spine. Spinal instrumentation such as screws and rods are used to hold the spine in the corrected position. This procedure involves less movement of the nerve root and may decrease the risk of nerve root injury or scarring.
X-stop: Nonfusion titanium surgical device implanted between spinous processes to relieve lumbar spinal stenosis. The device is implanted under local anesthesia and surgery time varies between 45 to 90 minutes. The device was approved in 2005.
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